Devolution is the legal transfer of powers, responsibilities, and resources from a central or national government to subnational units, such as counties.
In
Kenya, this is outlined in the 2010 Constitution, Chapter 11.
Core Objectives
ü Bring
services closer to the people.
ü Promote
local decision-making and citizen participation.
ü Improve
equity in resource distribution.
ü Foster
accountability and transparency in governance.
ü Reduce
regional inequalities.
Key Features in Kenya
Two
levels of government:
National
Government.
47
County Governments, each with an executive and assembly.
There
are distinct and interdependent roles. Cooperation is needed between the
two.
Counties
receive at least 15% of national revenue each year.
Benefits
o
Better matching of services with local
needs.
o
Improved access to resources in
underserved areas.
o
Citizen empowerment through local
participation.
o Encourages innovation in governance.
Challenges
v Corruption
and mismanagement of funds at the county level.
v Gaps
in technical skills and infrastructure.
v Conflicts
between county and national governments over roles and resources.
v Political
interference in county operations.
Devolution
is not just about dividing power; it’s about improving lives through shared
governance.
Its
success relies on effective leadership, public participation, wise resource
use, and strong relationships between counties and the national government.
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